Ordnance-control means.



E. SAQUI & S. A. FARRELL.

ORDNANCE CONTROL MEANS.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 10, 1911.

1,201, 105., Patented Out 10, 1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

33 Flgi WITNESSES Q/nvmv. I! I if ATTORNZ VJ.

E. SAQUI & S. A. FARRELL.

ORDNANCE CONTROL MEANS.

APPLICATION FILED MAY I0. 1911.

Patented Oct. 10, 1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2- WITNESSES York, in the county and State of New York,.and Brooklyn, in the county of Kings, State i q I. i i I v UNITEDSTATES OFFICE. E ANUELsJAUI, or NEW YoEK, AND or BEOoELYN, NEW YORK,ASSIGNOBS TO av'rom'rxc GUNVCONTROL comm, or NEW oEK, N. Y,

I A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

ofin ANcE-coN'rnoL MEANS."

Specification of Letters Patent;

Patented Oct. 10, 1916.

Application filed May 10, 1911. Serial No. 626,836.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, EMANUEL SAQUI and STEPHEN A. FARRELL, residing atNew of New York, respectively, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Ordnance-Control Means, of which the fol lowing is -aspecification.

The present invention relates to the art of training instruments, andmore particularly to the art of training ordnance members on shipboard.

The prime object of the present invention is to provide improved meanswhereby the member to be trained maybe maintained in trained positiondespite undesirable movements of it ssupport.

The embodiment of the invention disclosed and to be described hereinrelates to gunnery, and the particular object to be attained is toprovide'new and improved I mounted, other than the movements of meanswhereby an ordnance member may be kept trained upon a target,'desp1temotions of the vessel upon which the gun 1s travel of the vessel. t

The invention contemplates the provision of means whereby the dimensionsof the danger-zone are greatly lessened and the chances of hitting thetarget correspondingly increased, in instances where it lis'important atall times to keep the piece trained continuously upon the target.

Another and important object of the invention is to provide means forautomatically controlling the relative movements of the ordnance memberupon shipboard relative to the ship tocompensate for the undesirablemovement of the latter and to 'com-.

bine with such automatic controlling means a system of manual controlsuch that, by

means of the two controls', working in umson, the ordnance member maybe. kept trained upon'the target'with a greater degree of accuracy thanit has hitherto been possible to attain.

While our invention is not limited to any exact form of mechanism nor toany-particular instrument to be trained, we have,

for convenience, and as representative of the.

general idea underlying-the same, shown it in the accompanying drawingsin connection with an ordnance member to be trained upon shlpboard.

In the accompanying drawings, wherein we have illustrated a merelypreferred form of various embodiments of our invention Figure 1 is'aschematic view illustrating a portion of the gun turret and themecha-'nism for controlling the operation thereof, whereby the ordnance membermay be-kept trained upon the target; and Fig. 2 is a similar viewshowing-the mechanism for controlling the elevating and depressing ofthe ordnance member whereby the same may be kept pointed at the target.

Similar reference characters refer to ,similar parts throughout theseveral figures of I I the drawings.

Referring to the drawings and particu-- larly to the mechanism disclosedin Fig. 1, the reference numeral'1- denotes a portion'of the barbetteupon which the turret, a portion of which is indicated at 2, is

,mounted and with respectto whichthe latnism disclosed in the drawingswhich remains stationary with respect to the ship, theremainder of saidmechanism being carried within the turret and revolving with it.

The barhette as will be noted, is provided upon' its inner edge with aplurality of -radially disposed gear teeth 5, with which meshes gearwheel 6 carried upon a suitableshaft 7, suitably journaled within theturret. Shaft 7 has fixed thereona worm wheel 8 which,-in the. presentinstance, is

rotated by means of the Worm 9 upon the shaft 10, said. shaft at itsopposite ends being provided with bevelgear wh 1 11, which Beforeproceedmeshes with similar gear 12 upon the shaft 13. Shaft 13, at itsopposite end, carries a bevel gear wheel 14 which meshes with and isdriven by the bevel gear wheel 15, the latter forming apart of thedifferential system of gearing indicated generally at 16. This system ofdifferential gearing which, as shown,

near each end has journaled thereon bevel gear Wheels 20 and 21respectively. Extending transversely through the casing 17 and suitablyjournaled therein and in a bearing formed by aIf enlarged portion 22 ofthe shaft 18 are shafts 23 and 24 respectively, said shafts beingmounted for independent revolution. wheel 25, which meshes with each ofthe gear wheels 20 and 21 and shaft 24 carries a gear wheel 26 whichalso meshes with each of the gear Wheels 20 and 2l gear wheels 25 and 26being disposed in opposed relation as shown.

Shaft 24 at its outer end is provided with a worm wheel 27, and shaft 24at its outer end with a worm 28. Meshing with worm gear 27 and adaptedto drive the same, is a worm29 fixed upon a shaft 30 which latter shaftis adapted to be driven in either direction by means of thesystem ofhydraulic control shown generally at 31; This sys tem of automaticcontrol, the details of which have been omitted, may consist of the wellknown hydrauliccontrol now utilized in ordnance control uponshipboardwherein the direction of rotation as well as the relative speedof the driven shaft with rection of rotation of the driven shaft which,

in the present instance, is indicated at 30, is regulated with respectto the driving shaft which is indicated herein at 31'.- This sys .tem ofautomatic control being well known in the art, will not be specificallydescribed herein; it being sufficient for the purpose of thisspecification to state that the relative speed of the shaft 30 withrespect to the shaft 31 may be controlled by the tilting box by means ofa bevel gear wheel 32 which operates mechanism (not shown) for changingthe position of the tilting box.

In the present embodiment of our invention the tilting box mechanism, aportion of Shaft 23 carries bevel gearwhich has been indicated at, 32,is adapted to be controlled manually by hand wheel 33, upon shaft 34,the latter at its lower end carrying bevel gear Wheel 35, meshing withbevel gear wheel 36 upon shaft 37, and the latter carrying the bevelgear wheel 38 which meshes with the bevel gear wheel 32.

Meshing with. the worm gear 28 is a worm 40, upon the shaft/41, which isadapted to be driven from the driving shaft 42 through theinstrumentality of a system of hydraulic control indicatedgenerally at43, such system being similar in all respects to that indicated at 31.The tilting box of this system is operated through means connected Iwith the bevel gear wheel 43.

Shaft 31 carries a bevel gear wheel 44, which meshes with bevel gearwheel 45 upon shaft 46 and shaft 42 is provided with a bevel gear Wheel47 which meshes with a bevel gear wheel 48, also fixed upon the shaft46. Shaft 46 is adapted to be constantly rotated at a uniform speedbymeans of a suitable motor indicated generally at 49, which motor maybe operated by current furnished by the ships mains. The connectiontherewith with the motor is not shown in the present illustration. Itwill be noted that in the construction next above described the shafts31 and 42 will be rotated by means of the motor 49 in oppositedirections and at the same speeds. A

The position of the tilting box of the system of hydraulic control 43,in the pres ent instance, is adapted to be automatically controlled bymechanism which will now be described.

50 indicates a bevel gear wheel upon the shaft 51, the opposite end ofwhich carries a' spur gear wheel 52, which meshes with the teeth of thelongitudinally reciprocating rack bar 53. One end 54 of the rack bar 53.forms the core of the solenoid coil 55, and

the opposite end 56 of said rack bar forms a core of the solenoid coil57. Interposed between suitable abutments 58 and 59, respec tively,fixed upon the rack bar 53 and the solenoid coils and 57 are extensilesprings 60 and 61. These springs are so constructed and adjusted as toexert equal stresses against the abutme'nts 58 and 59 whereby the rackbar 53 is maintained in the normal position shown in the drawings. Fromthe construction above described it should be understood that areciprocatory movementof the rack bar 53 in either direc- I tion willeffect a change in the position of thetilting box of the system ofautomatic control 43, thereby varying the speed of rotation of thedriven shaft 41 with respect to the driving shaft The means forregulating the current sup-' 'plied to the solenoid coils 55 and 57,is'a gyrostat denoted generally at 62, comprising the inner and outergimbal rings 63, 64,

the latter of which is positioned upon suitable supporting blocksv65,and the former upon suitable pivots carried by gimbal ring 64. Journaled'within the gimbal ring 63 is a gyrostatic memberwhich in thepresent instance takes the form of the wheel 66. This wheel which may berevolvedby any suitable means (not shown) at .any desired speed, tendswhenso rotated to remain in any predetermined position. In the presentinstancethe supporting blocks 65 of the gyrostat are carried upon afreely revoluble base member 67, which, when the gyrostatic wheel is inoperation also tends through the influence of said gyrostaticvwheelto-remain 'in a predetermined rotative position despite any rotativemovement of the turret.

68 denotes a rotative member which may.

take the form of a table, the periphery of which is provided with wormteeth 69 with which meshes the worm 70 carried by the shaft 71, saidshaft being partially supported by means of the journal blocks 72carried by casing 17. The opposite end of this shaft 71 is "providedwith bevel gear wheel 73, which meshes with a similar bevel gear 74 uponthe shaft 30. The purposes of the driving connection interposed betweenthe wheel 68 and the shaft 30 will be pointed out hereinafter.

Suitably carried upon the wheel 68 and arranged in opposed relationthereon, are variable resistance members 75 and 7 6. Inasmuch as thesevariable resistance members are identical in construction, a descriptionof one will suflice to impart a clear understanding of this portion ofour invention. Each variable resistance may comprise a box, the frontwall of which is yieldable. and may consist of a flexible metallicdiaphragmor movable disk, the space between the front and rear wallsbeing loosely. filled with particles of carbon or equivalentv resistancema terial, which when brought into more or lessmember 75 wire 7.8 beingalso connected with the front wall of the variable resistance 76, bymeans of a wire 80. Leading from the rearwall of the variable resistancemember 75 is a wire 81 whichyconnects with one end of the solenoid coil55," the opposite end of said coil being connectedby means of a wire82'with a wire 83 which leads to the opposite side 84; of the shi psmains. A wire '85 connects with-the rear wall of the electri- 'calresistance member 76, and one end of the solenoid coil 57, the oppositeend of said coil being connected with the wire 83, the latter as abovedescribedbeing connected with the side 84 of the ships mains.

Extending outwardly froma suitable support upon base member 67 of thegyrostat is a finger 86, said finger extending midway between thevariable resistance members 75 and 7 6'and provided with a slotindicated in dotted lines at 87, through which extends a rod 88, theopposite ends of said rod being fixed to the central portions of themovable front walls or diaphragms of. the resistance members 7 5 and 76.An extensile spring 89 is interposed between the finger 86 and the frontwallof the variable; resistance75, and

a similar spring 90 is interposed between said finger 86, and thevariable resistance 7 6. Springs 89 and 90 are so constructed-andadjustedthat when the finger- 86 is in' the, position shown in thedrawings they will exert an equal stress upon the diaphragms of the r,variable resistance members so: that equal amounts of current. from theships mains will fi0w through the resistance material I .within saidvariable resistance members.

The object of the construction above de-- scribed is to compensate forsuch rot'ative movements ofthe support ofthe ordnance member as occurduring undesirable move- .ments of the vessel known as yawmg, and

also in turning of the vessel relative to the vertical axis. The mannerin which the. mechanism as described above compensates for suchundesirable movements of the vess'el may now be understood.

Supposing the ordnance member .to be trained upon the target with .theparts the position shown, the motor .49 to be in operation, and thetilting boxes of the sys- Qtems of .hydraulic control 21 and'43 to be sodisposed that the shafts 30 and 41 are stationary, the gear wheel 15will therefore remain stationary, it-being understood that when theshafts 30 and 41 are rotated at different speeds the gear. wheel 15 willbe revolved in one direction; the particular direction of revolutionbeing determined by which of the shafts 30 or 41 is revolving at desiredto move the turret in either direction it is only necessary todifferentially rotate the shafts 30 and 41, whereupon the differential'gearing indicated generally at 16 the greater speed. In other words whenit is through the connected chain of mechanism will revolve the turretin one direction. Any yawing or rotative movement of the shipasabovedescribed will cause a corresponding movement of the; table 68,-and; likewise a j corresponding movement'of the variable re- .sistancemembers 75 and 7 6. Inasmuch however as the gyrostatic member 66 tendsto maintain the base member 67 in a predetermined position, a movementof either of the variable resistance members 75 or 76 to or from thefinger 86 would tend to compress 'the carbon particles in one of saidmembers and to release in a corresponding degree the carbon particles inthe other member. Thus the current flow will be increased through one ofthe Variable resistance members and decreased through the other, and thesolenoid coils 55 and 57 will be. differentially energized. Thisdifierential energization of the solenoid coils will effect alongitudinal movement of the rack member 53 which,

through therspur gear 52 and shaft 51, bevel gear wheel 50and 43", willso change the position of the tilting box in the system of hydrauliccontrol 43 that the speed of shaft 1 the system of automatic controlwhich has been described is intended as nearly as practicable to holdthe ordnance member in a.

stationary position relative to the target, despite the undesirablemovements of the v'essel above specified.

Owing to the complexityof the undesirable movements of the vessel anyfailure ofthe system'of automatic control to maintain the ordnancemember trained. upon the target maybe corrected by means of a system ofmanual control operated by the hand wheel 33 which through its connectedchain of mechanism will vary the position of the tilting box in thesystem of hydraulic control 31 as will cause such differential movementof the shafts 30 and 41 as will maintain the gun trained upon thetarget. In order that this system of manual control may operate withoutinterference from the automatic control the effect of the manualrotation of the shaft 34 is compensated for by the shaft '71, which isrotated by shaft 30. The worm 70 rotates the wheel 68, therebypreventing such pressure on the diaphragms of the variable resistancemembers 75 and 76 as would tend to negative the effect of the manualcpntrol.

Referring now to the embodiment of our invention illustrated in Fig. 2wherein we have shown it adapted for gun pointing, 91 indicates theordnance member, the support of which has been omitted in the interestof clearness of illustration. 92 indicates a sys-.

,tem of differential gearing similar in all re- 'spects to thatillustrated in Fig. 1; and 93 and 94, respectively indicate systems ofhydraulic controls similar to those illustrated in Fig. 1. These systemsof hydraulic control are driven as by means of a common motor 95 whichis also. similar to that illustrated at -19 in Fig. 1. The ordnancemembevel gear 110, and this gear is adapted to be.

manually operated fromthe hand wheel 111 through the following train:shaft 112, bevel gears 113 and 114,'shaft 115, bevel gears 116 and 117bevel gear 118. v

The system of hydraulic control 93 is adapted to be controlledautomatically through an operation of the tilting box thereof, the bevelgear: of which is shown at 119 and meshing with this bevel gear is abevel gear 120 upon a shaft 121 which carries gear 122, the same meshingwith the longis tudinally movable rack bar 123. This rack bar, which issimilar to that shown at 53 in Fig. 1 has its ends formed into coreswhich enter the coils 124 and 125. The rack bar 123 v is maintained inthe position shown by means of extensile springs. 126, 127, 128 and 129.

130 indicates an abutment fixed upon the rack bar and; 131* indicates anad ustable abutment screw threaded upon said rack bar.

Spring 127 as interposed between abutments' 130 and 131 and spring 126between abut ment 131 and the end of the solenoid coil 124;. It will beobvious that by rotating abutment 131, the tension 'of the springs 126and 127 may be varied at will. An abutment 132 similar to that shown at130 is fixed upon the rack bar at the other side of the spur gear andthe adjustable abutment 133 similar to that shown at 131 is interposedbetween the springs 128 and 129 for a similar purpose.

It will be obvious that by means of the adj ustable abutments thetension of the springs may be so adjusted that the rack bar may be heldin the normal position shown in the drawings.

The reference numeral 134 denotes generally a clinometer which is fixedto the turret in the plane 'ofthe gun. This clinometer comprises thecurved spirit tube 135 mounted upon the graduated scale 136, and thebubble of the spirit tube is adapted normally to rest in the highestpoint of said tube and in the zero positiomas shown, when the support ofthe clinometer lies in a true horizontal plane. The indicating pointerof the clinometer is shown at 137 and is pivotally mounted to the baseor support at 138.

139 indicates the shaft of thependulum the weight of which is shown at140, said the clinometer, and being in vertical alinement therewith, so,that the pointer; always 1 zontal plane.

tends to remain in a perpendicular position and in reglstry with thebubble of the spirit tube when. the clinometer is in a'true horipendulumweight 140 by means of which the pendulum may be manually controlled ifnecessary.

Mounted on the pivot 138 of the pendulum isa second pointer 142, theupper end of which is adapted to register with the scale of theclinometer. This pointer .is connected 'as by means of a rod 143, bellcrank lever I 144, rod. 145 with a sighting instrument 146 A handle 141is fixed to the the position shown; it being understood that the tiltingboxes of the systems of hydraulic keel with no motion whatever and it isdesired to change the range. The sight-setter will then either elevate;or depress the sightand is connected with the gun as by means shown at148, so as to partake of the movements thereof when the same is elevatedor depressed. It will be understood'that the connection with the gunshown herein is "purely diagrammatic, it being only necessary for thepurposes of this specification to state that the sighting instrument isarranged in predetermined relation with the ordnance member.

149 and 150, respectively indicate variable resistance members which areconstituted by carbon boxes such as are shown at -75 and 76 in Fig. 1;.and the operation thereof is similar in all respects to the operinginstrument the desired number of degrees, which will be indicated upon ascale 1 not shown herein. This operation through the train of mechanismalready described Wlll move the pointer 142 a corresponding number ofdegrees upon the scale of the clinometer 134. This will result it willbe noted, owing'to the pendulum remaining in a Vertical position,inimpressing stress upon one of the carbon boxes with a correspondingrelease of stress upon the other, whereupon the solenoid"'coils 124 and125 will be differentially energized and the rack bar 123 caused tomovein one direction, such moveation which has already been described.

These variable resistance members are carried by the pointer 142 onopposite sides thereof. Interposed between the front walls or movablediaphragms of these variable resistance members 149 and 150 andupstanding flanges 151 upon laterally extending arms 152 upon thepointer 137 are extensile springs 153 and 154. Leading from one side1550f the ships"mains is a wire .ing movement of the tilting ment of therack bar effecting a correspondbox of the system of hydraulic control 9I The differential gearing will thereupon through themechanism alreadydescribed either elevate or depress the ordnance member to the desiredrange, and such movement will continue until the pointer 142 hasreturned to the position shown in the drawings, and with the sightinginstrument again in a horizontal position. and trained upon the target.The gun will then be at the desired range and owing tothe fact that theresistance members 149 and 150 will then discharge an equal amount ofcurrent from the ships mains to the solenoid coils 124'and 125, amovement of the ordnance member through the operating means will be. ar

' rested.

. 156 which-connects as by means of the wires 157 and 158 with thesolenoid coils 125 and 124, respectively. Leading from the opposite endof the solenoid coil 125 is a wire 159 which connects with the frontwall of the variable resistance member 150, and leading from the rear.wall thereof is a wire 161 of the ships mains. Leading from the opposite'end of the solenoid coil 124 is a of this form of embodiment of ourinvention the operation thereof may now be understood. It will beunderstood that the springs 153 and 154 which act upon the variableresistance members will be so adjusted that normally such proportionateamount of current will flow through the solenoid coils 124 and 125 aswill maintain the rack barin I 160 which connects with the oppositeside.

'set in motion in such Supposing now that the ordnance member ispartaking of the undesirable movements of the vessel, the clinometerwill likewise partake of such movements, but thependulum which isattached to the pointer 137 will tend to remain in a vertical position.The pointer 142 will therefore be carried out of register with thebubble,

which operation will impress diflerential pressures upon the diaphragmsof the variable. resistance members, whereupon the system ofdifferential aring will again be irection as will tend to hold theordnance member upon the target despite the undesirable movements of thevessel. During this operation we contemplate manually operating thependulum by means of the handle 41, so that the ointer thereof willalways register exactly with the bubble of the clinometer, it havingbeen. found that due to the inertia of the parts, and the differences inthe amplitude 'of vibration between the pendulum. andthe rollingmovement of the ship, that a pendulum such as described will not' at alltimes remain invertical position. However this may be corrected bygrasping the pendulum and holding it in such exact registry as willalways keep the gun upon the target through this system of control,which has dulum is intended to hold the ordnance member as nearlystationary as possible which will have the same effect as if the gunwere mounted upon a stable support despite the undesirable movements ofthe ship, whereupon the gun pointer through his manipulation of thehandle 111 may easily take care of such slight errors of said combinedautomatic and manual control as will always keep the gun trained uponthe target.

As many changes could be made 1n the above construction and manyapparently widely difierent embodiments of this invention could be madewithout departing from the scope thereof, it is intended that allmatter-. contained in the above description or shown in the accompanyingdrawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a v limitingsense.

It is also to be understood that the language used in the followingclaims is intended to cover all of the generic and speclfic features ofthe invention herein described and all statements of the scope of theinvention, which as a matter of language, might be said to falltherebetween.

Having thus described. our invention,-

What we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, isz.

1. The combination of a member to be trained, and means for shifting theposition of said member, comprising differential gear mechanism,variable speed controlling means interposed between the motor and eachside of said differential gearing, means-- for manually affecting theoperation of one of said variable speed controlling means, and means forautomatically affecting the operation of the other of said variablespeed controlling means.

2. The combination of a member to be trained, means for shifting theposition of said member. comprising a system of differential gearing,means for connecting said differential gearing with the member to betrained, driving means, means for connecting each side of saiddifferential'gearing with said driving means, including a variable speedcontrolling system, means for means for automatically affecting theoperation of the other of said systems.

3. The combination of a member to be trained, mounted upon a supportsubject to undesirable movements, means for moving said member,comprising motor means, means interposed between the motor means and themember to be trained comprising differential gearing, a system ofvariable speed control working upon each side of the differentialgearing, means for manually changing the operation of one of saidsystems of speed control, and means controlled by the undesirablemovements of the support for affecting the operation of the other ofsaid systems of speed control.

4. The combination of'a member adapted to be trained upon shipboard, andmeans for shifting the position thereof, comprising a motor, a pair ofsystems of variable speed .control, both of which are connected withsaid motor, a system of differential gearing, means for connecting eachside of said dif-' ferential gearing with one of said systems ofvariable speed, control, means for effecting-a driving connectionbetween said differential gearing and the member to be trained, andmeans for varying the operation of each of said systems of control.

5. The combination of a member adapted to be trained upon shipboard, andmeans for shifting the position thereof, comprising a motor, a pair ofsystems of variable-speed control, both of which are connected with saidmotor, a system of differential gearing, means for connecting each sideof said differential gearing with one of said systerns of Variable speedcontrol, means for effecting a driving connection between saiddifferential gearing and the member to be trained, and manually operatedmeans for varying the operation of one of said systems of speed control,and automatically controlled means for varying the operation of theother thereof.

6. The combination of a member adapted to be trained upon shipboard, andmeans for shifting the position thereof, comprising a motor, a pair ofsystems of speed control, both of which are connected with said motor, asystem of differential gearing, means for connecting each side of saiddifferential gearing with one of said systems of speed control, meansfor eflecting a driving connection between said diflerential gearing andthe member to be'trained, manually operated means for varying theoperation of one of said systems of speed control, and inertia means forvarying the operation of the other of said systems of speed controloperable during the undesirable movements of the vessel.

movement of said member simultaneously with the reversal of thedirection of movement of said undesirable support, comprising a motor, asystem of difi'erential gear-' ing, means for connecting the motor witheach side of said system of difi'erential gear-,

ing, including a pair ofindependently operating systems of speedcontrol, and a. drive ing connection between the system of differentialgearing and the member to be trained.

8. The combination of a member to be trained mounted upon a supportsubject to undesirable movements, and-means for moving said memberrelative to said support during the undesirable movements" of the latterand for reversing the direction of the movement of said membersimultaneously With the reversal of the direction of move ment of saidundesirable support, comprising a motor, a system of differentialgearing, means for connecting the motor with each side of said systemofdifierential gearing, including a pair of independently operatingsystems of variable speed control and manually operated means forvarying the operation of one of said systems of speed control.

9. The combination of a member to be trained mounted upon a supportsubject to undesirable movements, and means for moving said memberrelative tosaid support during the undesirable movements of the latterand forreversing the direction of the movement of said membersimultaneously with the reversal of the direction of movement of saidundesirable support, comprising a motor, a system of differentialgearing, means for connecting the motor with each side of said system ofdiflerential gearing, including a pair of independently operatingsystems of hydraulic control, and inertia means for varying theoperation of one of said systems of'hydraulic control.

10. The combination of a member to be trained mounted upon a supportsubject t undesirable mocvements, and means for moving said memberrelative to said support during the undesirable movements of the latterand for reversing the direction of the movement of said membersimultaneously with the reversal of the direction of movement of saidundesirable support, comprising a motor, a system of difierentialgearing, means for connecting the motor with each side of said system ofdifierential gearing, including a pair of independently operatingsystems of hydraulic control, manually operated means for varying theoperation of one of said systems of by draulic control, and automaticmeans for varying the other of said systems of hy-- draulic control.

11. The combination of a member to be trained mounted upon a supportsubject to' undesirable movements, and means for movlng said memberrelative to said support during the undesirable movements of the' latterand ofOI reversing the direction of the movement of said membersimultaneously with the reversal of the direction of movement of saidundesirable support, comprising a motor, a system of differentialgearing, means for connecting the motor with each side of said system ofdifferential gearing, including a pair of independently operatingsystems of speed control, manually perated means for varying theoperation of one of said systems of speed control, and inertia meansoperable during the undesirable movements of the support for varying theoperation of the other of, said systems-of speed control.

12. The combination of a member to be trained, mounted on a supportsubject to undesirable movements, and means for shifting the position ofsaid member to hold the same relatively stationary with respect to thesupport during said undesirable movements, comprising a system ofdifferential gearing, a driving connection interposed between saidsystem of differential gearing and said member, driving means, and apair of independently operated speed controlling means interposedbetween the driving means and said system of diflerential gearing.

13. The combination of a member to be trained, mounted on a supportsubject to undesirable-movements, and means for shifting the position ofsaid member to hold the same relatively stationary with respect to thesupport during said undesirable move ments, comprising a system ofdifferential gearing, a driving connection interposed between saidsystem of differential gearing and said member to be trained, drivingmeans, a system of speed control interposed between said driving meansand one side of said system of differential gearing, and a system ofspeed control interposed between 'the motor means and the opposite sideof gearing and means for manually varying the operation of one of saidsystems of speed control.

15. The combination ofa member to be trained, mounted on a supportsubject to undesirable movements, and means for shifting the position ofsaid member to hold the same relatively stationary with respect to thesupport during said undesirable movements, comprising a system ofglifierential .gearing, a driving connection interposed between saidsystem of differential gearing and said member, driving means, a pair ofindependently operated speed controlling means interposed between thedriving means and said system of difierential gearing, and inertia meansoperable during the undesirable movements of said support tems of speedcontrol.

16. The combination of a member to be trained, mounted ona supportsubject to .means 1 interposed between the undesirable movements, andmeans for shifting the position of said member to hold the samerelatively stationary with respect to the support during saidundesirable movements, comprising a system of differential gearing, adriving connection interposed between said system of differentialgearing and said member, driving means, a pair of independentlyoperatedv speed controlling driving means and said system ofdifljerential gearingfmanually controlled means for varying theoperation of one of said systems of speed control at wili and inertiameans operable automatically during the undesirable movementsof saidsupport to vary the operation of the other of said systems of trainedmounted upon a support-subject to undesirable movements, motor means forshifting the position of. said member, a plurality of speed controllingmeans interposed between the motor means and said member located in the;driving connection thereof, manual means for varying the operation ofone of said speed controlling means, and means operated by theundesirable move ments of the support for varying the opera-- located inthe driving connection thereof,

manual means for varying the operation of -one of said speed controllingmeans, and gyrostatic means operated by the undesirable movements of thesupport for varying the operation of the other of said speed controllingmeans. 1

20.-.The combination with a member to be trained mounted upon a supportsubject to undesirable movements, of means for changing the position ofsaid member, and a speed control for said means comprising adifi'erential gearing, and means controlled by the undesirable movementsof the support for automatically varying the operation of saiddifl'erential gearing.

21. The combination with a member to be trained mounted upon a supportsubject to tively to said support, a speed control interposed betweenthe power means and said member, and means controlled by the undesirablemovements of the support for automatically continually varying the.operation of saidspeed control throughout any undesirable movement ofsaid support.

22. The combination with a member to be trained mounted upon a supportsubject to undesirable movements, of power means for changing theposition of said member relatively to said support, a speed controlinterposed between the power means and said member, and means forautomatically varying the operation of said speed control, beingeffective in gradually increasing degree as said support moves toward anundesirable position. I

In testimony whereof we have aifixed our signatures in the presence oftwo witnesses.

EMANUEL SAQUI. STEPHEN A. FARRELL.

, Witnesses:

A. S. 'HONIGSBERG, NATHALIE THOMPSON.

